For practice exercises, please see Paraphrasing and Citation Activities, also by the American Psychological Association. This is acceptable paraphrasing because the writer recorded the information in the original passage accurately, gave credit for the ideas in this passage, and indicated which part is taken directly from the source by identifying the passage in quotation marks and citing the page number.įor more information on avoiding plagiarism when paraphrasing, please see the Avoiding Plagiarism Guide (American Psychological Association), which includes explanations, examples, and tips for how to avoid plagiarizing words and ideas. Fall River was one of these hubs “which became the centers of production as well as of commerce and trade” (p. In turn, growing populations increased the size of urban areas (p. As steam-powered production shifted labor from agriculture to manufacturing, the demand for workers “transformed farm hands into industrial laborers” (p.1), and created jobs for immigrants (p. 1), was typical of northeastern industrial cities of the nineteenth century. This is an acceptable paraphrase because the writer accurately relayed the information in the original using his or her own words and provided a citation for the material.įall River, where the Borden family lived (William, 1981, p. Fall River was one of these manufacturing and commercial centers (p. As a result, population grew, and large urban areas arose (p. Steam-powered production had shifted labor from agriculture to manufacturing, and as immigrants arrived in the US, they found work in these new factories (p. The preceding passage is considered plagiarism because the writer has only changed around a few words and phrases and failed to cite a source for any of the ideas or facts.įall River, where the Borden family lived (William, 1981, p. With industry came the growth of large cities like Fall River where the Bordens lived, which turned into centers of commerce and trade as well as production. As steamdriven companies became more visible in the eastern part of the country, they changed farm hands into factory workers and provided jobs for the large wave of immigrants. The increase of industry, the growth of cities, and the explosion of the population were three large factors of nineteenth century America. Lizzie Borden: A case book of family and crime in the 1890’s. With industry came urbanization and the growth of large cities (like Fall River, Massachusetts, where the Borden lived), which became the centers of production as well as of commerce and trade. As new, larger, steam-powered factories became a feature of the American landscape in the East, they transformed farm hands into industrial laborers, and provided jobs for a rising tide of immigrants. The rise of industry, the growth of cities, and the expansion of the population were the three great developments of late nineteenth century American history. Also, be careful about using the copy and paste feature on your computer so that you don’t accidentally take text without rewriting it in your own words. Tip: To avoid plagiarism, don’t look at the original source as you write. Summarize: to rewrite the text in your own words so that it is shorter than the original.If you're looking for more information on summarizing, please visit Five Keys to Writing Effective Summaries (Southern Illinois University Writing Center) and Summarizing(Leora Freedman, University of Toronto). Paraphrase: to rewrite the text in your own words so that it is about the same number of words as the original. You need to be careful when you summarize and paraphrase to make sure that you are really rewriting the text, not just changing a few key words. To do this, you can paraphrase or summarize and give the author credit. A paraphrase or summary is a rewrite of the original author’s ideas in your own words for more information on paraphrasing, see Paraphrasing (American Psychological Association). Sometimes you will want to include someone else’s ideas in your paper without directly quoting them.
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